durian
Durio zibethinus
Musang King
About this plant
Durio zibethinus, known as durian, is a tropical tree famous for its large, spiky fruit with a strong smell. The fruit is often called the 'king of fruits' in Southeast Asia. It has creamy, custard-like flesh inside that many people enjoy, though its smell can be off-putting to some. Durian trees can grow very tall and have large leaves and flowers that bloom at night.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Durio
- Family
- Malvaceae
- Higher classification
- Order Malvales
- Plant type
- Tree
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- Borneo, Malaysia, Indonesia
- Distribution
- Native to Southeast Asia; widely cultivated in tropical regions including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
Care
- Light preference
- Full sun
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Greenhouse
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, Southeast-facing, Southwest-facing
- Watering frequency
- Moderate
- Watering interval
- 3–7 days
- Humidity
- High
- Minimum
- 15 °C
- Maximum
- 40 °C
- Optimal
- 24–32 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 10–12
- Soil pH
- 5.0–6.5
- Soil type
- well-draining loam, rich in organic matter
Watering. Water durian trees regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. During dry periods, increase watering frequency to prevent stress.
Fertilizing. Fertilize durian trees regularly during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Organic compost or manure can also be beneficial.
Durian trees are tropical and need warm, humid conditions with plenty of sunlight. They require well-draining soil and regular watering but dislike waterlogged roots. They grow slowly and need space to spread. Durian trees can be sensitive to cold and require protection from strong winds.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Grafting, Cuttings
- Care difficulty
- Hard
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring–summer
Large, glossy green leaves; large, fragrant flowers that bloom at night; large spiky fruits with creamy edible flesh.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Non-toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Mildly toxic
- Weed potential
- Not considered a weed
Durian fruit is safe to eat, but the strong smell may cause discomfort to some people. The seeds should not be eaten raw as they can be toxic.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- Moderate
- Allergy triggers
- Pollen, Skin contact
- Pollen level
- Moderate
Durio zibethinus, commonly known as durian, may cause allergic reactions in some people sensitive to its strong smell or pollen. The main trigger is its pollen, which can cause sneezing or skin irritation. To reduce exposure, avoid direct contact with the flowers and keep the area well-ventilated.
Common problems
Common problems include root rot from overwatering, leaf drop due to cold or drought stress, and pest attacks like fruit borers or aphids.
Uses
Durian is mainly grown for its edible fruit, which is popular in many tropical countries. The tree also provides shade and can be used ornamentally in large gardens.
Notes
Durian trees need space to grow and should be pruned carefully to maintain shape and remove dead branches. They are sensitive to cold temperatures and should be protected from frost. Repotting is generally not applicable as they are large trees.