Wintergreen
Gaultheria procumbens
About this plant
Gaultheria procumbens, commonly known as Wintergreen, is a low-growing evergreen shrub with shiny green leaves that turn reddish in winter. It produces small white to pink bell-shaped flowers in summer, followed by bright red berries that persist into winter. The plant is known for its minty aroma and is often used as groundcover in shady gardens. It has traditional uses in flavoring and medicine.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Gaultheria
- Family
- Ericaceae
- Higher classification
- Ericales
- Plant type
- Shrub
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- Northeastern United States, Canada
- Distribution
- Native to northeastern North America; cultivated in temperate regions worldwide.
Care
- Light preference
- Partial shade
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Greenhouse, Balcony
- Preferred window facing
- North-facing, East-facing, Northeast-facing
- Watering frequency
- Moderate
- Watering interval
- 5–10 days
- Humidity
- Normal
- Minimum
- -40 °C
- Maximum
- 30 °C
- Optimal
- 10-20 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 3-7
- Soil pH
- acidic (4.5-6.0)
- Soil type
- well-draining acidic soil, rich in organic matter
Watering. Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water more frequently during dry spells and reduce watering in winter.
Fertilizing. Apply a balanced, acidic fertilizer in early spring to support growth. Avoid over-fertilizing as this plant prefers low-nutrient soils.
Gaultheria procumbens is a hardy groundcover that prefers cool, shaded areas with acidic, well-draining soil. It needs moderate watering and can tolerate some drought once established. Watch for root rot if overwatered and ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal issues.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings, Division
- Care difficulty
- Medium
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- summer
Glossy evergreen leaves, small bell-shaped flowers, bright red berries, low spreading form.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Non-toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Non-toxic
- Weed potential
- Not considered a weed
Generally safe but avoid ingestion of large quantities; may cause mild stomach upset.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- Low
- Allergy triggers
- Pollen, Sap or latex, Skin contact
- Pollen level
- Low
Gaultheria procumbens may cause mild skin irritation for some people who are sensitive to its sap. It produces pollen, but it is not a common cause of allergies. To reduce exposure, avoid direct contact with the plant if you have sensitive skin.
Common problems
Overwatering can cause root rot; poor drainage and too much sun may lead to leaf browning or wilting.
Uses
Used as an ornamental groundcover for shady areas; berries and leaves have traditional medicinal and flavoring uses.
Notes
Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape. Repotting is rarely needed as it spreads slowly. Protect from harsh afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorch.