Camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora)
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About this plant
The camphor tree is a large evergreen tree known for its glossy green leaves and aromatic camphor oil. It has a broad, spreading canopy and produces small white flowers followed by black berries. The tree is valued for its wood, oil, and shade, and is often planted in parks and large gardens.
Taxonomy
Higher classification: Order Laurales
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- China, Taiwan, Japan
- Distribution
- Native to East Asia, especially China, Taiwan, and Japan; widely cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions worldwide.
Care
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Balcony, Greenhouse
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, West-facing
- USDA hardiness zones
- 9-11
- Soil pH
- 6.0-7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Soil type
- well-draining loam
Watering. Water regularly during the growing season, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce watering in winter.
Fertilizing. Feed the tree with a balanced fertilizer in early spring and again in late summer to support healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can harm the roots.
Camphor trees are hardy and can tolerate a range of conditions but prefer well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. They need moderate watering, especially when young, but are drought tolerant once established. Watch for pests and prune to maintain shape and health.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring
Glossy green leaves, fragrant camphor scent, small white flowers, and dark berries.
Toxicity & Safety
The camphor tree's leaves and bark contain camphor, which can be toxic if ingested in large amounts. Keep away from children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.
Allergy information
Camphor trees can produce pollen that might cause mild allergic reactions in sensitive people, such as sneezing or itchy eyes. The tree's sap may also irritate skin in some individuals. To reduce exposure, avoid direct contact with the sap and stay indoors when the tree is releasing pollen.
Common problems
Overwatering can cause root rot, while poor drainage leads to fungal diseases. In dry conditions, leaves may brown. Pests like scale insects can occasionally appear.
Uses
Used as an ornamental shade tree, for extracting camphor oil, and in traditional medicine. Its wood is also valued for carving and furniture.
Notes
Prune in late winter to control size and remove dead wood. Repotting is rarely needed as it is usually grown outdoors. Sensitive to frost in colder climates.