Mango (Mangifera indica)
Alphonso
About this plant
The mango tree is a large tropical fruit tree known for its sweet, juicy fruits. It has glossy green leaves and produces fragrant flowers before fruiting. Mangoes are widely enjoyed fresh, in drinks, and in cooking. The tree is also valued for shade and ornamental use in tropical gardens.
Taxonomy
Higher classification: Sapindales
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- South Asia, India, Myanmar
- Distribution
- Widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including India, Southeast Asia, Africa, and parts of the Americas.
Care
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Balcony, Greenhouse
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, Southwest-facing
- USDA hardiness zones
- 10-12
- Soil pH
- 5.5-7.5
- Soil type
- well-draining loam
Watering. Water young trees regularly to keep soil moist but not waterlogged. Established trees are drought tolerant and need less frequent watering.
Fertilizing. Feed mango trees with a balanced fertilizer during the growing season, typically every 6-8 weeks. Use fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to support healthy growth and fruiting.
Mango trees are fairly tough once established but need warm temperatures and plenty of sunlight. They require well-draining soil and moderate watering. Young trees need protection from cold and pests. Regular pruning helps maintain shape and fruit production.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings, Grafting
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring
Glossy evergreen leaves, fragrant small flowers, large colorful fruits
Toxicity & Safety
The sap can cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals. Keep away from children and pets to avoid ingestion of seeds or unripe fruit which may cause discomfort.
Allergy information
Some people may be allergic to mango pollen or the sap of the mango tree. This can cause skin irritation or mild allergic reactions. To reduce exposure, avoid touching the sap and be cautious during the flowering season if you have known allergies.
Common problems
Common problems include fungal diseases if overwatered or in humid conditions, pests like scales and mealybugs, and fruit drop if stressed by drought or nutrient deficiency.
Uses
Grown mainly for its delicious edible fruit. Also used as a shade tree and ornamental plant in tropical gardens.
Notes
Prune after fruiting to maintain size and remove dead wood. Protect young trees from frost and strong winds. Repotting is not typical as mango trees grow large and are usually planted in the ground.