London plane tree
Platanus × hispanica
x hispanica
About this plant
The London plane tree is a large, deciduous tree known for its distinctive mottled bark that peels away in patches, revealing a smooth, pale surface underneath. It has broad, maple-like leaves and produces small, round seed balls that hang from the branches. This tree is widely planted in cities because it tolerates pollution and compacted soil well. It provides excellent shade and is often used along streets and in parks.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Platanus
- Family
- Platanaceae
- Higher classification
- Order Proteales
- Plant type
- Tree
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- Hybrid of Platanus orientalis and Platanus occidentalis, originally from Europe
- Distribution
- Widely planted in Europe, North America, and urban areas worldwide as a street and park tree.
Care
- Light preference
- Full sun
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Balcony, Greenhouse
- Watering frequency
- Moderate
- Watering interval
- 7–14 days
- Humidity
- Normal
- Minimum
- -30 °C
- Maximum
- 40 °C
- Optimal
- 15-25 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 4-9
- Soil pH
- 6.0-7.5 (neutral to slightly acidic)
- Soil type
- well-draining loam
Watering. Water regularly during dry periods, especially for young trees. Established trees are drought tolerant but benefit from occasional deep watering.
Fertilizing. Fertilize in early spring with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to support healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can cause excessive leaf growth at the expense of root development.
The London plane tree is a tough and fast-growing tree that adapts well to urban environments. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It may suffer if overwatered or planted in poor drainage. Regular pruning helps maintain its shape and health.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings, Grafting
- Care difficulty
- Medium
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring
Mottled bark, large maple-like leaves, and hanging seed balls provide visual interest throughout the year.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Mildly toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Non-toxic
- Weed potential
- Not considered a weed
Generally safe but the sap can cause mild skin irritation in some people. Keep away from children and pets to avoid contact with sap.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- High
- Allergy triggers
- Pollen, Sap or latex
- Pollen level
- High
The London plane tree produces pollen that can cause allergies in sensitive people, especially during spring. Those with pollen allergies may experience sneezing, itchy eyes, or a runny nose. To reduce exposure, avoid standing close to the tree during its pollen season and keep windows closed on windy days.
Common problems
Common problems include leaf scorch in very hot weather, powdery mildew, and occasional pest issues like aphids. Poor drainage can cause root rot.
Uses
Commonly used as a shade and street tree in urban landscaping due to its pollution tolerance and fast growth.
Notes
Prune in late winter or early spring to remove dead or crossing branches and to shape the tree. The tree can tolerate urban pollution but may need extra watering during dry spells. Avoid planting too close to buildings or underground pipes due to its large root system.