Transvaal candelabra tree
Euphorbia cooperi
Cooperi
About this plant
Euphorbia cooperi, commonly known as the Transvaal candelabra tree, is a succulent shrub or small tree with thick, upright branches that resemble a candelabra. It has green, fleshy stems and produces small yellow-green flowers. This plant is popular for its unique shape and drought tolerance, often used in gardens and landscapes in warm climates. Its milky sap is toxic and can cause skin irritation.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Euphorbia
- Family
- Euphorbiaceae
- Higher classification
- Order Malpighiales
- Plant type
- Shrub
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- South Africa, Mozambique
- Distribution
- Native to South Africa and Mozambique; cultivated in warm regions worldwide.
Care
- Light preference
- Full sun
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Balcony, Indoor
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, West-facing, East-facing
- Watering frequency
- Rare
- Watering interval
- 10–21 days
- Humidity
- Low
- Minimum
- 5 °C
- Maximum
- 35 °C
- Optimal
- 18-30 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 9-11
- Soil pH
- 6.0-7.5 (neutral to slightly acidic)
- Soil type
- well-draining sandy or loamy soil
Watering. Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can cause root rot.
Fertilizing. Feed Euphorbia cooperi with a balanced, diluted fertilizer during the growing season (spring and summer) once a month. Avoid fertilizing in winter when the plant is dormant.
Euphorbia cooperi is a tough and drought-resistant plant that thrives in sunny spots. It needs well-draining soil and should be watered sparingly to avoid root rot. It requires little maintenance and is suitable for beginners.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Cuttings, Seeds
- Care difficulty
- Easy
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring
Distinctive upright, branching succulent stems resembling a candelabra; small yellow-green flowers; interesting architectural form.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Mildly toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Mildly toxic
- Weed potential
- Not considered a weed
The sap is toxic and can irritate skin and eyes. Keep away from children and pets. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- Low
- Allergy triggers
- Sap or latex, Skin contact
- Pollen level
- Low
Euphorbia cooperi can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some people due to its milky sap. Avoid touching the sap and wear gloves when handling the plant. Keep it away from children and pets to prevent accidental contact.
Common problems
Overwatering can cause root rot. Sap can irritate skin if touched. In low light, the plant may become leggy and weak.
Uses
Used as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes for its unique shape and drought tolerance.
Notes
When pruning or repotting, wear gloves to avoid contact with the sap. The plant can tolerate some drought but not waterlogged soil. It is best grown outdoors in warm climates but can be kept indoors near a sunny window.