Colombian Coca Plant
Erythroxylum novogranatense
novogranatense
About this plant
Erythroxylum novogranatense is a small shrub native to parts of South America. It is known for its glossy green leaves and small white flowers. This plant is historically significant as it is related to the coca plant, traditionally used in some cultures for medicinal and cultural purposes. It is mainly grown in warm, tropical regions and requires careful handling due to its cultural and legal status in many countries.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Erythroxylum
- Family
- Erythroxylaceae
- Higher classification
- Order: Malpighiales
- Plant type
- Shrub
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- Colombia, South America
- Distribution
- Native to Colombia and surrounding regions in South America; cultivated in tropical areas worldwide under controlled conditions.
Care
- Light preference
- Full sun
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Greenhouse
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, West-facing
- Watering frequency
- Moderate
- Watering interval
- 5–10 days
- Humidity
- Normal
- Minimum
- 15 °C
- Maximum
- 35 °C
- Optimal
- 20-30 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 10-12
- Soil pH
- 5.5-7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Soil type
- well-draining loam or sandy soil
Watering. Water the plant when the top inch of soil feels dry. Avoid waterlogging by ensuring good drainage. Reduce watering during cooler months.
Fertilizing. Feed the plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every 4 to 6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Reduce feeding in fall and winter when growth slows.
This plant prefers warm climates and can tolerate some drought once established. It needs well-draining soil and plenty of sunlight. Overwatering can cause root problems, so water moderately and allow the soil to dry between waterings. It requires occasional fertilizing during the growing season.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings
- Care difficulty
- Medium
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring
Glossy green leaves and small, delicate white flowers that bloom in spring.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Mildly toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Mildly toxic
- Weed potential
- Not considered a weed
This plant is related to the coca plant and may contain alkaloids. It should be kept away from children and pets. Handling or cultivation may be regulated or illegal in some regions.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- Low
- Allergy triggers
- Pollen, Sap or latex
- Pollen level
- Low
Erythroxylum novogranatense is not commonly known to cause allergies. People sensitive to plant pollen should still be cautious, but this plant's pollen is not a major allergen. To reduce any risk, avoid direct contact with the plant's sap or leaves if you have sensitive skin.
Common problems
Overwatering can lead to root rot. Insufficient sunlight may cause poor growth. Pests like aphids or mites can occasionally affect the plant.
Uses
Primarily grown for cultural and research purposes. It has historical significance and is sometimes used in traditional medicine in native regions.
Notes
Prune to maintain shape and remove any dead or damaged branches. Repot young plants every 2-3 years to refresh soil. Handle with care due to legal restrictions in some areas.