Citronella Grass
Cymbopogon nardus
Nardus
About this plant
Cymbopogon nardus, commonly called citronella grass, is a tall, fragrant grass known for its lemon-like scent. It is widely used to produce citronella oil, which repels mosquitoes and insects. The plant has long, narrow leaves and grows in clumps. It is often grown in gardens or pots for its pleasant aroma and insect-repelling properties.
Taxonomy
- Genus
- Cymbopogon
- Family
- Poaceae
- Higher classification
- Poales
- Plant type
- Perennial
- Lifespan
- Perennial
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia
- Distribution
- Native to tropical Asia; widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.
Care
- Light preference
- Full sun
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Balcony, Greenhouse, Indoor
- Preferred window facing
- South-facing, West-facing, East-facing
- Watering frequency
- Moderate
- Watering interval
- 3–7 days
- Humidity
- Normal
- Minimum
- 10 °C
- Maximum
- 35 °C
- Optimal
- 20-30 °C
- USDA hardiness zones
- 9-11
- Soil pH
- 6.0-7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Soil type
- well-draining loam or sandy soil
Watering. Water regularly during the growing season, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce watering in cooler months.
Fertilizing. Feed with a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer during the growing season every 4-6 weeks to encourage healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can reduce fragrance.
Citronella grass is a tough plant that grows well in sunny spots and tolerates dry conditions once established. It prefers well-draining soil and needs moderate watering. Overwatering or poor drainage can cause root problems. It requires low maintenance and occasional trimming to keep it tidy.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Division, Cuttings
- Care difficulty
- Easy
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- summer
Long, slender green leaves with a strong lemon scent; tall flower spikes with feathery seed heads.
Toxicity & Safety
- Toxic to humans
- Non-toxic
- Toxic to pets
- Non-toxic
- Weed potential
- Low spread
Non-toxic to humans and pets; safe to grow around children and animals.
Allergy information
- Allergy risk
- Low
- Allergy triggers
- Fragrance, Pollen, Skin contact
- Pollen level
- Low
Cymbopogon nardus, also known as citronella grass, can cause mild allergic reactions in some people, especially those sensitive to its strong scent or pollen. The main trigger is its fragrant oils and pollen, which might cause skin irritation or respiratory discomfort. To reduce exposure, avoid direct contact with the plant's sap and keep it in well-ventilated areas.
Common problems
Overwatering can lead to root rot. Insufficient sunlight may cause weak growth. Pests are rare but watch for spider mites in dry indoor conditions.
Uses
Used ornamentally for its pleasant lemon scent and as a natural mosquito repellent. Also harvested for citronella oil used in candles and sprays.
Notes
Prune regularly to prevent the plant from becoming too tall or leggy. Repot every 2-3 years if grown in containers. Protect from frost as it is sensitive to cold temperatures.