Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata)
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About this plant
Cananga odorata, commonly called ylang-ylang, is a tropical tree known for its highly fragrant yellow-green flowers. These flowers are used to produce essential oils popular in perfumes and aromatherapy. The tree has glossy leaves and can grow quite tall in its natural environment. It is often grown for ornamental purposes and for its aromatic flowers.
Taxonomy
Higher classification: Magnoliales
Origin & Distribution
- Native region
- Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia
- Distribution
- Native to Southeast Asia and widely cultivated in tropical regions worldwide, including parts of the Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
Care
- Suitable locations
- Outdoor, Greenhouse, Balcony
- Preferred window facing
- East-facing, Southeast-facing, South-facing
- USDA hardiness zones
- 10–12
- Soil pH
- 6.0–7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Soil type
- well-draining loam, rich in organic matter
Watering. Water regularly to keep soil moist but not waterlogged. Reduce watering in cooler months. Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.
Fertilizing. Feed ylang-ylang with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer during the growing season, typically spring through summer. Avoid over-fertilizing to prevent excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowers.
Ylang-ylang is a tropical tree that prefers warm temperatures and moderate care. It needs regular watering but well-drained soil to avoid root rot. It can tolerate partial shade but grows best in full sun. Watch for pests like aphids and keep the soil moist but not soggy.
Propagation
- Propagation methods
- Seeds, Cuttings
Ornamental features
- Flowering
- Yes
- Flowering period
- spring–summer
Highly fragrant, star-shaped yellow-green flowers; glossy, dark green leaves; attractive tree form.
Toxicity & Safety
Non-toxic to humans and pets; safe to have around children and animals.
Allergy information
Cananga odorata, also known as ylang-ylang, may cause allergic reactions in some people sensitive to its fragrant flowers or pollen. The main triggers are the strong fragrance and pollen, which can cause sneezing, runny nose, or skin irritation. To reduce exposure, keep the plant in a well-ventilated area and avoid direct contact with the flowers if you have sensitivities.
Common problems
Overwatering can cause root rot, while underwatering leads to leaf drop. Low light may reduce flowering. Pests such as aphids or scale insects can sometimes appear.
Uses
Grown for its fragrant flowers used in perfumes and aromatherapy; also an ornamental tree in tropical gardens.
Notes
Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape and encourage bushier growth. Repot young plants every 2–3 years to refresh soil. Sensitive to cold temperatures below 10°C (50°F).